欧洲汽车制造协会ACEA2016-润英联
CRANKCASE LUBRICANT SPECIFICATIONS Infineum.com
ACEA 2016 Oil Sequences
SERVICE FILL OILS FOR GASOLINE ENGINES, LIGHT-DUTY DIESEL ENGINES, ENGINES WITH AFTERTREATMENT DEVICES AND HEAVY-DUTY DIESEL ENGINES
Performance you can rely on.
ACEA 2016
This publication has been derived from the official ACEA Oil Sequences 2016 document, the latest version of which can be found at: www.acea.be/news/article/acea-oil-sequences-2016
The accuracy of this publication is the responsibility of Infineum, the aforementioned original document on www.acea.be remains the sole point of reference and will be updated in case of any changes to the ACEA Oil Sequences 2016.
The two big themes for ACEA 2016 are the introduction of additional measures against the impact of biofuel and upgrading hardware and structure for the sequences to keep up with changes in engine technology and lubricant developments.
Light-duty sequences
In order to keep up with the trend for lower viscosity lubricants, ACEA has introduced the C5 category now allowing lubricants with 2.6 to 2.9 HTHS (High Share-Rate Viscosity at 150 °C). In terms of performance requirements C5-16 mirrors C3-16, though with significantly higher fuel economy requirements.
With the aim of managing the complexity of the light-duty sequences the introduction of C5 resulted in the withdrawal of A1/B1 from the 2016 sequences. This was possible as A1/B1 performance requirements are fully covered by A5/B5 and C5 provides a new home for 2.6 HTHS lubricants.
Two new tests to protect against the impact of biofuels found their way into the ACEA sequences.
• The CEC L-104 OM646 Bio engine test for the effects of biodiesel has been introduced in all light-duty categories but A3/B3. Piston cleanliness is the performance parameter for this test.
• The CEC L-109 biodiesel oxidation bench test is a glassware test that has been introduced to provide preventive protection against the consequences of biodiesel induced engine oil oxidation at elevated temperatures. The performance parameters of the test are oxidation
increase and kinematic viscosity increase. The test comes at two severity levels: for A3/B3 and A3/B4 performance limits are specified at 168 h test length, whereas for A5/B5 and all C-Categories limits are set at 168 h and 216 h test length.
ACEA keeping up with advancements in engine technology and addressing the end of life of some established tests resulted in the following changes:
• With the CEC L-111 EP6 test, the first gasoline direct injection turbocharged engine found its way into the ACEA sequences. This test is replacing the TU5 engine test as the performance test for gasoline piston cleanliness, but furthermore the EP6 comes with a safety limit for turbocharger cleanliness.
• On the diesel side the DV6 is a 1:1 replacement of the DV4 oil dispersion test with EURO V hardware. In order to keep the test severity the absolute viscosity increase is now measured at 5.5 % soot whereas the DV4 assessment was at 6 % soot. Piston cleanliness remains a safety parameter.
• For the time being ACEA relies on the OM646 valve train wear test to cover the needs of diesel and gasoline vehicles as the TU3 gasoline valve train wear test has reached end of life and a successor test is not yet available.
• It is not only engine test hardware that reaches end of life and is subject to advancements in technology: the elastomer compatibility test was replaced by the new CEC L-112,
introducing new materials, which are more representative of those used in the field.
With the exception of the introduction of a lower phosphorus limit for C2-16 and a harmonisation to two decimal places for the phosphorus limits the chemical requirements remained untouched.
The requirement in A5/B5 and all C-Categories to report HTHS at 100 °C is new.
Heavy-duty sequences
The heavy-duty sequences also make use of the new CEC L-112 elastomer test with common requirements across all light-duty and heavy-duty categories.
Also common with light-duty is the introduction of the two biodiesel tests.
• The CEC L-109 oxidation bench test features in all E-Categories. Here a common test length of 168 h is specified, but limits differ by category.
• The CEC L-104 OM646Bio engine test has been introduced to E6 and E9 with dedicated limits for each category.
For E9 the Mack T11 has been replaced by the Mack T8E in the 2016 sequences. However, the Mack T11 remains available as an alternative to the Mack T8E in E9.
Chemical/Physical requirements remained mostly unchanged. New is a harmonisation across all E-categories of the fresh oil oxidation induction time (PDSC) to a minimum of 65 minutes and the requirement to report HTHS at 100 °C.
Conditions for use of performance claims against the ACEA oil sequences
ACEA requires that any claims for oil performance to meet these Oil Sequences must be based on credible data and controlled tests in accredited test laboratories.
ACEA requires that engine performance testing used to support a claim of compliance with these ACEA Oil Sequences should be generated according to the European Engine Lubricants Quality Management System, EELQMS (available at www.eelqms.eu), but ACEA reserves the right to define alternatives in exceptional cases.
EELQMS addresses product development testing and product performance documentation, and involves the registration of all candidate and reference oil testing and defines the compliance process. Compliance with the ATIEL Code of Practice1, which forms part of the EELQMS, is mandatory for any claim to meet the requirements of this issue of the ACEA sequences. Therefore, ACEA requires that claims against the ACEA Oil Sequences can only be made by oil companies or oil distributors who have signed the EELQMS oil marketers’ Letter of Conformance (for details: www.atiel.org).
The ACEA Oil Sequences are subject to continuous development. Replacement tests and other changes required by the European vehicle manufacturers are integrated and new issues are published on a regular basis. As new editions are published older editions have to be withdrawn. Validities of new and old editions are overlapping for limited periods of time as shown in the following table and the accompanying text below. When a new ACEA Oil Sequence is introduced, oils with claims against the previous can be marketed only for another two years.
| Sequence issue | First allowable use | Mandatory for new claims | Oils with this claim may | ||
| be marketed until | |||||
| 2004 | 1st November 2004 | 1st November 2005 | 31st December 2009 | ||
| 2007 | 1st February 2007 | 1st February 2008 | 23rd December 2010 | ||
| 2008 | 22nd December 2008 | 22nd December 2009 | 22nd December 2012 | ||
| 2010 | 22nd December 2010 | 22nd December 2011 | 22nd December 2014 | ||
| 2012 | 14th December 2012 | 14th December 2014 | 1st December 2018 | ||
| 2016 | 1st December 2016 | 1st December 2017 | ... | ||
First allowable use means that claims cannot be made against the specification before the date indicated.
Mandatory for new claims means that from this date onward all claims for new oil formulations must be made according to the latest ACEA Oil Sequence Issue. Up to that date new claims can also be made according to the previous ACEA Oil Sequence Issue. After the date indicated no new claims to the previous ACEA sequence can be made. Then all oil formulations must be developed according to the latest ACEA release.
Oils with this claim may be marketed until means that no further marketing of oils with claims to this issue is allowed after the date indicated. The marketer of any oil claiming ACEA performance requirements is responsible for all aspects of product liability.
Where limits are shown relative to a reference oil, then these must be compared to the last valid Reference Result on that test stand prior to the candidate and using the same hardware. Further details are in the ATIEL Code of Practice.
Where claims are made that oil performance meets the requirements of the ACEA Oil Sequences (e.g. product literature, packaging, labels) they must specify the ACEA Class and Category (see Nomenclature & ACEA Process for definitions).
1The ATIEL Code of Practice is the sole property of ATIEL and is available from ATIEL (Association Technique de l’Industrie Européenne des Lubrifiants), Boulevard du Souverain 165, B-1160 Brussels, Belgium.
| ACEA | ACEA 2016 European oil sequence for service-fill oils | December |
| for gasoline and diesel engines | 2016 | |
This sequence defines the minimum quality level of a product for self-certification to EELQMS and for presentation to ACEA members.
Individual member companies may indicate performance parameters other than those covered by the tests shown or more stringent limits.
| REQUIREMENT | TEST METHOD | PROPERTIES | UNIT | LIMITS | |||||||||||
| A3/B3-16 | A3/B4-16 | A5/B5-16 | |||||||||||||
| 1.1 | Viscosity grades | Viscosity class according to | No restriction except as defined by HTHS and Shear Stability | ||||||||||||
| SAE J300 - Latest active issue | requirements. Manufacturers may indicate specific Viscosity | ||||||||||||||
| requirements related to ambient temperature. | |||||||||||||||
| 1.2 | Shear stability* | CEC L-14-93 | 100 °C viscosity after 30 cycles | mm2/s | All grades to be ‘stay in grade’ | ||||||||||
| or | |||||||||||||||
| ASTM D6278 | |||||||||||||||
| or | |||||||||||||||
| ASTM D7109 | |||||||||||||||
| 1.3.1 | HTHS viscosity | CEC L-36-90 | Dynamic viscosity at 150 °C and shear rate | mPa·s | ≥ 3.5 | ≥ 2.9 | |||||||||
| of 106 s-1 | and | ||||||||||||||
| ≤ 3.5 | |||||||||||||||
| 1.3.2 | HTHS viscosity | CEC L-36-90 | Dynamic viscosity at 100 °C and shear rate | mPa·s | — | Report | |||||||||
| at 100 °C* | of 106 s-1 | ||||||||||||||
| 1.4 | Evaporative loss | CEC L-40-93 | Max. weight loss after 1 h at 250 °C | % | ≤ 13 | ||||||||||
| (Noack) | |||||||||||||||
| 1.5 | TBN | ASTM D2896 | mgKOH/g | ≥ 8.0 | ≥ 10.0 | ≥ 8.0 | |||||||||
| TESTS | |||||||||||||||
| 1.6 | Sulphur* | ASTM D5185 | % m/m | Report | |||||||||||
| 1.7 | Phosphorus* | ASTM D5185 | % m/m | Report | |||||||||||
| LABORATORY | |||||||||||||||
| 1.8 | Sulphated ash* | ASTM D874 | % m/m | ≥ 0.9 and ≤ 1.5 | ≥ 1.0 and ≤ 1.6 | ≤ 1.6 | |||||||||
| 1.9 | Chlorine | ASTM D6443 | ppm | Report | |||||||||||
| 1.10 | Oil - elastomer | CEC L-112-16 | Max. variation of characteristics | Elastomer type | |||||||||||
| compatibility* | after immersion for 7 days in fresh oil | RE6 | RE7 | RE8 | RE9 | ||||||||||
| without pre-ageing: | |||||||||||||||
| 1. | - Tensile strength | % | Report | Report | Report | Report | |||||||||
| - Elongation at rupture | % | -70/+20 | -65/+15 | -51/+9 | -65/+19 | ||||||||||
| - Volume variation | % | -5.5/+2.1 | -1.8/+8.9 | 0.0/+12.0 | -2.5/+16.0 | ||||||||||
| 1.11 | Foaming tendency | ASTM D892 | Tendency - stability | ml | Sequence I (24 °C) 10 – nil | ||||||||||
| without option A | Sequence II (94 °C) 50 - nil | ||||||||||||||
| Sequence III (24 °C) 10 - nil | |||||||||||||||
| 1.12 | High temperature | ASTM D6082 | Tendency - stability | ml | Sequence IV (150 °C) 100 – nil | ||||||||||
| foaming tendency | High temperature | ||||||||||||||
| foam test | |||||||||||||||